Web Developer Jobs

Zscaler (NASDAQ: ZS) accelerates digital transformation so customers can be more agile, efficient, resilient, and secure. The Zscaler Zero Trust Exchange platform protects thousands of customers from cyberattacks and data loss by securely connecting users, devices, and applications in any location. Distributed across 200+ public data centers globally and thousands of private sites at the edge, the SASE-based Zero Trust Exchange is the world’s largest in-line cloud security platform. We believe the future of work is Human + AI and are building an AI-native enterprise where human potential is amplified by machine intelligence to solve the world’s hardest security challenges. Driven by deep customer obsession, we are committed to the mission, outcome, and to each other. We bring these commitments to life through three core behaviors: ownership and collaboration, trust through outcomes and impact, and a challenge culture with ongoing feedback. Ready to make an impact at the company pioneering security transformation in the AI era? Join us at Zscaler. Role We are looking for a Staff Product Manager to join our team. This is a hybrid, based in San Jose, CA (3 days onsite) role, reporting to the Director, Product Management in the Product Management department. You drive the vision, strategy, and execution for Zscaler’s Data Security capabilities, helping expand a cloud security platform built for innovation, scale, and business enablement. What you’ll do (Role Expectations) Own the end-to-end product lifecycle for Data Security products, including Web DLP and Email DLP Define, document, and prioritize product requirements using market research, competitive insights, and customer feedback Partner with cross-functional teams (Engineering, UX, Support, Operations, Sales, Marketing) to take ideas from concept to successful delivery Support product deployment and sales enablement across beta and production environments in collaboration with Support, Operat

At Snowflake, we are powering the era of the agentic enterprise. To usher in this new era, we seek AI-native thinkers across every function who are energized by the opportunity to reinvent how they work. You don’t just use tools; you possess an innate curiosity, treating AI as a high-trust collaborator that is core to how you solve problems and accelerate your impact. We look for low-ego individuals who thrive in dynamic and fast-moving environments and move with an experimental mindset — who rapidly test emerging capabilities to discover simpler, more powerful ways to deliver results. At Snowflake, your role isn't just to execute a function, but to help redefine the future of how work gets done. We are hiring a Product Engineer for our Mobile Team. This team owns Snowflake's most visible AI products — Snowflake CoWork, our agentic AI workspace for enterprise knowledge workers, and Snowflake CoCo (Cortex Code), our AI coding agent. In this role, you will build the mobile experiences that bring agentic AI to users wherever they work, spanning the full product lifecycle from conception through deployment. AS AN ENGINEER AT SNOWFLAKE, YOU WILL: Build and ship polished, production-quality mobile features for Snowflake's agentic AI products, taking ideas from design concepts through App Store / Play Store releases. Write clean, performant, and maintainable TypeScript and React Native code while adhering to engineering best practices. Actively participate in mobile and frontend architecture discussions, design reviews, and peer code reviews to ensure code quality and system scalability. Collaborate closely with product managers and UX/UI designers to convert user requirements into detailed technical tasks and robust mobile UI components. Partner with backend and cross-functional teams to integrate APIs and support backend services that power AI inference and data retrieval. Contribute to the web frontend where needed — this team works across mobile, web, and the broader a

At Affirm, we exist for the moments that matter—giving people a clear, predictable way to pay over time, with no hidden fees, no surprises, and no tradeoffs on what matters most. About Our Team Visual Design turns complex financial products into experiences customers can understand, trust, and remember. Through motion, illustration, and visual storytelling, we connect brand promise to product reality, bringing clarity and cohesion to every moment, from discovery and onboarding to everyday use. We partner with Product Design, Brand, Content Design, Engineering, and Product Marketing to create expressive, accessible, and scalable experiences across Affirm’s ecosystem. Our role is to elevate the quality of execution, build visual systems that help teams move with consistency, and use craft to guide attention, explain value, and create moments of confidence and delight. We ensure Affirm does not simply work well - it communicates clearly, feels unmistakably our own, and earns customer trust at every touchpoint. About the Role We’re looking for a motion-forward Visual Designer who brings strong craft in animation, visual storytelling, and illustration. You’ll help elevate the quality and consistency of customer experiences across Affirm’s product ecosystem, using motion to guide attention, explain product behavior, improve comprehension, and create moments of clarity and delight. This role sits at the intersection of product and brand. Your work will range from in-product interactions and animated illustrations to web, email communications, lifecycle journeys, and product launches. You’ll pair deep motion and visual-design craft with UX thinking and an understanding of design systems to create experiences that are cohesive, accessible, scalable, and purposeful. You think holistically about end-to-end customer journeys, care deeply about craft, and understand how thoughtful motion and visual systems can make experiences both functional and emotionally engaging. &nb

Reddit is a community of communities. It’s built on shared interests, passion, and trust, and is home to the most open and authentic conversations on the internet. Every day, Reddit users submit, vote, and comment on the topics they care most about. With 100,000+ active communities and approximately 130 million daily active unique visitors, Reddit is one of the internet’s largest sources of information. For more information, visit www.redditinc.com . Ads powers Reddit’s mission to bring community, belonging, and empowerment to everyone in the world. The Advertiser Platform organization owns ads.reddit.com, Reddit’s core advertiser-facing product. We’re looking for a mid-level frontend engineer to join our Ads Manager team. Our team includes frontend and backend engineers who build tools that help advertisers create and manage campaigns at scale. We make complex advertising workflows easier to use, with a focus on performance and reliability. In this role, you’ll own medium-sized frontend projects. You’ll help clarify requirements, propose technical solutions, and carry your work through implementation and release. You’ll make progress independently, collaborate with teammates on tradeoffs, and ask for input when you need it. Responsibilities Build intuitive, accessible interfaces that help advertisers create and manage campaigns. Partner with product managers, designers, and backend engineers to turn advertiser needs into scoped projects. Own technical design, implementation, testing, and release for medium-sized frontend projects. Communicate progress, dependencies, and risks early so partners can plan around them. Review code and document technical decisions to help the team maintain and extend its work. Improve frontend performance and reliability, address bugs, and contribute reusable components and patterns. Requirements 3+ years of software engineering experience, including 2+ years in frontend engineering. Experience building and maintaining production web ap

WHO ARE WE? We are a bunch of super enthusiastic, passionate, and highly driven people, working to achieve a common goal! We believe that work and the workplace should be joyful and always buzzing with energy! CloudSEK , one of India’s most trusted Cyber security product companies, is on a mission to build the world’s fastest and most reliable AI technology that identifies and resolves digital threats in real-time. The central proposition is leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to create a quick and reliable analysis and alert system that provides rapid detection across multiple internet sources, precise threat analysis, and prompt resolution with minimal human intervention. Founded in 2015, headquartered at Singapore, we are proud to say that we’ve grown at a frenetic pace and have been able to achieve some accolades along the way, including: CloudSEK’s Product Suite: CloudSEK XVigil constantly maps a customer’s digital assets, identifies threats and enriches them with cyber intelligence, and then provides workflows to manage and remediate all identified threats including takedown support. A powerful Attack Surface Monitoring tool that gives visibility and intelligence on customers’ attack surfaces. CloudSEK's BeVigil uses a combination of Mobile, Web, Network and Encryption Scanners to map and protect known and unknown assets. CloudSEK’s Contextual AI SVigil identifies software supply chain risks by monitoring Software, Cloud Services, and third-party dependencies. CloudSEK’s AIVigil is an AI-native Attack Surface Monitoring platform that continuously discovers, monitors, and secures exposed AI infrastructure, MCP servers, leaked AI credentials, vector databases, agentic workflows, and shadow AI across the internet. Key Milestones: 2016 : Launched our first product. 2018 : Secured Pre-series A funding. 2019 : Expanded operations to India, Southeast Asia, and the Americas. 2020 : Won the NASSCOM-DSCI Excellence Award for Security Product Company

WHO ARE WE? We are a bunch of super enthusiastic, passionate, and highly driven people, working to achieve a common goal! We believe that work and the workplace should be joyful and always buzzing with energy! CloudSEK , one of India’s most trusted Cyber security product companies, is on a mission to build the world’s fastest and most reliable AI technology that identifies and resolves digital threats in real-time. The central proposition is leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to create a quick and reliable analysis and alert system that provides rapid detection across multiple internet sources, precise threat analysis, and prompt resolution with minimal human intervention. Founded in 2015, headquartered at Singapore, we are proud to say that we’ve grown at a frenetic pace and have been able to achieve some accolades along the way, including: CloudSEK’s Product Suite: CloudSEK XVigil constantly maps a customer’s digital assets, identifies threats and enriches them with cyber intelligence, and then provides workflows to manage and remediate all identified threats including takedown support. A powerful Attack Surface Monitoring tool that gives visibility and intelligence on customers’ attack surfaces. CloudSEK's BeVigil uses a combination of Mobile, Web, Network and Encryption Scanners to map and protect known and unknown assets. CloudSEK’s Contextual AI SVigil identifies software supply chain risks by monitoring Software, Cloud Services, and third-party dependencies. CloudSEK’s AIVigil is an AI-native Attack Surface Monitoring platform that continuously discovers, monitors, and secures exposed AI infrastructure, MCP servers, leaked AI credentials, vector databases, agentic workflows, and shadow AI across the internet. Key Milestones: 2016 : Launched our first product. 2018 : Secured Pre-series A funding. 2019 : Expanded operations to India, Southeast Asia, and the Americas. 2020 : Won the NASSCOM-DSCI Excellence Award for Security Product Company

The Project Manager in technology is responsible for overseeing and leading multiple technology projects within specified timeframe, scope, and costs. This role involves creating and controlling the schedule, budget, and resourcing for projects, managing the implementation and delivery of new technology capabilities while involving multiple cross-functional stakeholders to ensure a successful rollout. Location This role is based at Topgolf HQ in Dallas, TX, with an expectation of four days per week in the office and one day remote. About the Role At Topgolf, technology projects depend on a lot of teams moving together; product management, engineering, design, marketing, BI, sales, and operations all need to stay aligned to land something successfully. That's where you come in. You could be assigned to mobile, web, in-venue tech, e-commerce, or whatever's next; wherever you land, you'll own the coordination that makes your concurrent projects succeed, keeping stakeholders aligned on what's realistic, and you won't be afraid to hold a line on scope or timeline when it's the right call. You'll be trusted to bring structure to complexity. What You'll Do Create and maintain project artifacts (charters, plans, schedules, RAID logs, etc.) and manage 2-3 concurrent projects from initiation to close Partner with stakeholders and team members across functions to clarify scope, resolve blockers, and drive decisions to closure Track and communicate project status, translating day-to-day execution detail into clear risk, timeline, and health reporting for leadership and cross-departmental stakeholders, including directors and senior managers Partner closely with Product Managers to translate product priorities into executable project plans, surfacing tradeoffs and sequencing conflicts early Align cross-functional team members around sh

The Project Manager in technology is responsible for overseeing and leading multiple technology projects within specified timeframe, scope, and costs. This role involves creating and controlling the schedule, budget, and resourcing for projects, managing the implementation and delivery of new technology capabilities while involving multiple cross-functional stakeholders to ensure a successful rollout. Location This role is based at Topgolf HQ in Dallas, TX, with an expectation of four days per week in the office and one day remote. About the Role At Topgolf, technology projects depend on a lot of teams moving together; product management, engineering, design, marketing, BI, sales, and operations all need to stay aligned to land something successfully. That's where you come in. You could be assigned to mobile, web, in-venue tech, e-commerce, or whatever's next; wherever you land, you'll own the coordination that makes your concurrent projects succeed, keeping stakeholders aligned on what's realistic, and you won't be afraid to hold a line on scope or timeline when it's the right call. You'll be trusted to bring structure to complexity. What You'll Do Create and maintain project artifacts (charters, plans, schedules, RAID logs, etc.) and manage 2-3 concurrent projects from initiation to close Partner with stakeholders and team members across functions to clarify scope, resolve blockers, and drive decisions to closure Track and communicate project status, translating day-to-day execution detail into clear risk, timeline, and health reporting for leadership and cross-departmental stakeholders, including directors and senior managers Align cross-functional team members around shared priorities and hold the team accountable to commitments and deadlines Critical Skills & Experience Requirements 3-5

Zscaler (NASDAQ: ZS) accelerates digital transformation so customers can be more agile, efficient, resilient, and secure. The Zscaler Zero Trust Exchange platform protects thousands of customers from cyberattacks and data loss by securely connecting users, devices, and applications in any location. Distributed across 200+ public data centers globally and thousands of private sites at the edge, the SASE-based Zero Trust Exchange is the world’s largest in-line cloud security platform. We believe the future of work is Human + AI and are building an AI-native enterprise where human potential is amplified by machine intelligence to solve the world’s hardest security challenges. Driven by deep customer obsession, we are committed to the mission, outcome, and to each other. We bring these commitments to life through three core behaviors: ownership and collaboration, trust through outcomes and impact, and a challenge culture with ongoing feedback. Ready to make an impact at the company pioneering security transformation in the AI era? Join us at Zscaler. Role We are looking for a Director Product Management, ZIA to join our team. This is a hybrid role, based in San Jose, CA, reporting to the VP, Product Management in the Product Management department. At Zscaler, we are on a mission to make the internet safe for every user, anywhere. In this role, you will lead Zscaler ZIA offerings including Zero Trust Firewall, DNS Security, IPS and new platform initiatives shaping the strategic direction of our ZIA and cybersecurity products and making a lasting impact on our global customer base. What you’ll do (Role Expectations) Define and drive Zscaler Internet Access(ZIA) offering including Zero Trust Firewall, DNS Security, IPS and new platform initiatives and working closely with Secure Web Gateway and Cybersecurity teams in alignment with company objectives and customer needs Work closely with engineering, sales, marketing, and customer success teams to bring product

We take play seriously. We’re looking for curious adventurers ready to find their party, fueled by imagination and drive to build what’s never been built before. At Hasbro and Wizards of the Coast, you’ll collaborate with passionate teams to reimagine our iconic brands and create experiences that spark joy, connection, and community through the magic of play. This is your chance to shape legendary play that lasts a lifetime. Content is king/queen, and we ‘re looking for a monarch to come rule our communications with an iron fist! Must work well with others. We’re searching for a Content Specialist dedicated to collaboration, information sharing, communication, words, and a love for showing our fans everything the world of Magic: The Gathering has to offer. Bonus points if you’ve already caught a grammatical error! The Communications team touches every part of Wizards of the Coast, so we weren’t kidding when we said you must work well with others. A day in the life as Content Specialist: Craft messaging to give our fans the information they need, when they need it Solicit, create, and edit exciting news and announcements about Magic: The Gathering Help run our content calendar across multiple web platforms Collaborate with experts, producers, designers, marketing professionals, and the people who make Magic the best game in the world. What you’ll bring: An appetite for the written word, both crafting and refining (read: writing and editing) Strong organizational skills A real passion for Magic, games, and our fans Creative ideas for the best way to share information Experience creating, editing, and leading content on the web Employment Details: Please note that this is a temporary assignment through an external staffing agency. If you are selected for this assignment, you will be employed by Workwell as a W2 employee and will not be an employee of Wizards or Hasbro. Employment Type: Temporary Location: Renton, WA Duration: 12 months In complianc

Toradex is a global company strongly focused on engineering & technology. We’re powered by a diverse & uniquely gifted workforce. We pursue the best people to propel our innovative vision of embedded computing and IoT. If you’re interested in being a driving force at an agile technology company, engineering clever computing solutions & helping other companies bring their products to life, we should talk. このポジションについて Toradex Japanの営業・マーケティング業務を日々支え、チームの業務効率向上と顧客対応の質向上に貢献していただくポジションです。 業務の中心となるのは、CRMの更新、見積書・納品書・請求書等の作成補助、製品の発送・物流対応、在庫・納期確認に伴う社内調整、簡単な顧客問い合わせ対応など、営業活動を支える実務的なオペレーション業務です。 業務に慣れてきた後は、見込み顧客やアカウントのリサーチ、案件のフォローアップ、顧客ミーティングやデモの準備、展示会・キャンペーン運営、日本市場向けコンテンツのローカライズなど、プリセールスやビジネス開発に近い業務にも幅広く関わっていただきます。 業界経験そのものよりも、主体性、丁寧さ、責任感、コミュニケーション力、そして新しいことを学ぶ意欲を重視します。 主な業務内容 1. 営業オペレーション・商務・プリセールスサポート 出荷・物流サポート 製品の梱包、発送、配送ラベル作成、その他の発送・物流関連業務をサポートします。 見積・納品・請求関連サポート 見積書、納品書、請求書などの作成補助、および関連する社内手続きをサポートします。 CRM・フォローアップ支援 CRM上の顧客情報・案件情報の入力、更新、整理を行い、アクション、期限、フォローアップ状況を管理します。 顧客・社内コミュニケーション 納期、在庫状況、製品情報、継続中の顧客依頼について、日本チーム・海外チームと連携し、簡単な顧客問い合わせ対応もサポートします。 見込み顧客・アカウントリサーチ 見込み顧客、ターゲット企業、業界動向などを調査し、営業活動や案件創出に必要な情報を整理します。 顧客ミーティング・デモ準備 顧客ミーティング、製品デモ、評価活動の準備、議事メモ、アクション項目、フォローアップ管理などをサポートします。 営業資料サポート 提案資料、製品紹介資料、顧客向け資料などの日本語化、翻訳、フォーマット調整を行います。 2. マーケティングサポート コンテンツローカライズ グローバル本社から提供されるWeb記事、製品仕様、導入事例などを、日本市場向けに英語から日本語へ翻訳・編集します。 リードジェネレーション・キャンペーン支援 メールマガジン、キャンペーン後のフォローアップ、リードリスト作成、公式SNS（LinkedIn、X等）の運用をサポートします。 展示会・ウェビナー運営 展示会、イベント、デモ、オンラインウェビナーの事前準備、当日の運営、参加者フォローなどをサポートします。 市場調査 Toradex Japanの営業・マーケティング活動に必要な市場、企業、競合、業界情報などの基礎調査を行います。 効果測定・レポーティング Webアクセス、キャンペーン、イベント、リードジェネレーション活動などの基礎データを収集・整理します。 応募要件 必須要件（Must） 業界への興味 IT、エレクトロニクス、組込みシステム、IoTなどの分野に強い興味・関心がある方。 在学状況 大学または大学院に在学中の方（文理不問）。 日本語 ネイティブレベル、または同等のビジネス日本語力。 英語 英語の技術・製品ドキュメントを読み、メールやチャットで海外チームとやり取りできるレベル。 PCスキル Microsoft Excel、Word、PowerPoint、またはGoogle Workspace等の基本的なPCスキル。 勤務可能期間 週約20時間を目安に、週2〜3日以上、最低6か月以上継続して勤務できる方。発送・物流業務、イベント対応などのため、必要に応じてオフィス出社が可能な方。 歓迎要件（Want） 卒業後のキャリア 長期インターン終了後、新卒での正社員入社にも関心のある方。ポジションの空き状況、実

At Playlist, life's richest moments happen when people step away from screens to move, connect, explore, and play. We're building the definitive platform for intentional living, connecting people with inspiring experiences in fitness, wellness, and beyond. With popular brands like Mindbody and ClassPass, Playlist empowers businesses and individuals, making it effortless for aspirations to become actions. Join us in reshaping technology's role to foster meaningful, real-world connections. Mindbody equips wellness entrepreneurs with technology to support thriving businesses and create exceptional experiences. Innovation and curiosity drive our culture, connecting businesses and individuals through cutting-edge solutions. Join us if you're passionate about enhancing wellness through technology. Who we are At Playlist, we believe technology should create connection, joy, and ease. We’re a team fueled by innovation, driven by curiosity, and grounded in the simple truth that happy teams make happy customers. We’re here to build loyalty, craft unforgettable experiences, and empower every member of our team to grow both personally and professionally. The Role You'll Play As a Technical Support Specialist I, you’ll be the first friendly voice our customers hear, bringing solutions, insights, and a spark of connection to every interaction. You’ll dive into a dynamic, high-energy environment, helping customers navigate our products and services primarily over the phone (and sometimes through email, chat, and web forums). Here’s how you'll make an impact: Deliver exceptional technical support to our English and Spanish-speaking customers with warmth, clarity, and care. Troubleshoot and resolve basic technical product issues, keeping the experience smooth and positive. Navigate multiple support channels (phone, email, chat) with ease and professionalism. Educate customers on features and services, guiding them to get the most out of our products. Document customer interactions t

A BOUT TIDE At Tide, we help SMEs save time and money in the running of their businesses by not only offering business accounts and related banking services, but also a comprehensive set of highly usable and connected administrative solutions, from invoicing to accounting. Tide is transforming the small business banking market and now supports over 2 million members globally across the UK, India, Germany and France. Using advanced technology, all solutions are designed with SMEs in mind. With quick onboarding, low fees and innovative features, we thrive on making data driven decisions to serve our mission: to help SMEs save time and money so they can get back to doing what they love. Tide facts: Tide is available for UK, Indian, German and French SMEs Over 2 million members globally and rapidly growing Over $300 million raised in funding 3,000 Tideans globally Recognised with Great Place to Work certification three years in a row, and among India’s Top 50 Best Workplaces in Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance in 2026 We have offices in Central London, with a member support and technology centre in Sofia, Bulgaria, technology centres in Serbia, Romania, Lithuania and Hyderabad and offices in Gurugram, New Delhi, Berlin, Paris and Luxembourg ABOUT THE ROLE We are looking for a highly skilled and data-driven Copywriter – SEO & ASO to lead our organic growth efforts across web and mobile. The ideal candidate will own end-to-end SEO and ASO strategy to drive high-intent organic acquisition for our MSME-focused financial products including Fixed Deposits, Insurance/Assurance, Lending, Prepaid Cards, and business banking solutions. Key Responsibilities: Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Build, own, and execute organic acquisition strategy to drive high-quality traffic and conversions from MSME merchants and financial product seekers. Conduct keyword research and competitor analysis across MSME, lending, FD, assurance, and prepaid card segments. Optimize web

Due to the nature of the projects and specific client security clearance, this role requires the successful candidate to be a Singapore Citizen OR Singapore Permanent Resident only. Infrastructure Engineers help clients build and evolve systems that client organizations use to deliver and run software. They are comfortable working within teams of people with diverse roles and levels of experience to find solutions that meet the needs of the organization. They combine technical expertise and understanding with consideration of different situational needs. They champion technical quality and effective ways of working as a means to better outcomes for clients, rather than an end in themselves. They help clients to understand agile ways of working and DevOps as a mindset for collaboration. Job responsibilities Collaborate within teams to implement projects, assess existing infrastructure and propose improvements. Evaluate client requirements and contribute to building technical roadmaps and solutions aligned with their ambitious business goals. Assist in the establishment of controls and processes for continuous delivery and evolution of infrastructure and applications through all stages of the process. Provide expertise in areas like DevOps, cloud, platform and infrastructure engineering, both internally and at client sites. Build trustworthy relationships with client engineering leadership. Propose innovative solutions and adjustments within the constraints of existing policies and business requirements. Job qualifications Technical Skills You can contribute to the design and implementation of enterprise and/or web-scale hosting platforms and can administer application servers, web servers and databases. You have an understanding of cloud and virtualization platforms, infrastructure automation and application hosting technologies. You have experience working with software delivery teams and understand DevOps philosophies, Agile methods, Infrastructure as Code and how

Location Details: Remote - India At GoDaddy the future of work looks different for each team. Some teams work in the office full-time; others have a hybrid arrangement (they work remotely some days and in the office some days) and some work entirely remotely.​ This is a remote position, so you’ll be working remotely from your home. You may occasionally visit a GoDaddy office to meet with your team for events or meetings. The Remediation Support Analyst plays a key role in supporting website security customers by managing the incident response lifecycle. This includes identifying malware, containing and removing threats, restoring site functionality, and recommending prevention measures. The role focuses on website clean-ups and requires knowledge of PHP, CMS platforms, and how malicious code operates. Each customer interaction is an opportunity to resolve issues and build technical expertise. What you'll get to do... Perform website clean-up and troubleshooting via support ticket Follow processes to identify and remove malware while delivering strong customer service Analyze code to detect malicious activity Contribute findings to improve automation and processes Support platforms including WordPress, Joomla, Drupal, and Magento Collaborate across teams to share security insights Your experience should include... Ability to identify and decode complex, multi-step obfuscated malware Experience writing PHP snippets and Shell scripts and able to read and interpret PHP and Java script Experience with Windows web stack (IIS, SQL Server, ASP.NET) Ability to read and write regular expressions (Regex) Database management experience and using advanced command-line tools (e.g. process tracing, advanced search and replace) Experience with cPanel/WHM or similar hosting control panels Solid understanding of web security principles and malware threats Experience troubleshooting websites across CMS platforms Working knowledge of Linux/UNIX environments and understandi